Who became rulers of England after the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and signed the English Bill of Rights?

• A. William and Mary
• B. James II
• C. Charles II
• D. Oliver Cromwell

Answer: (A)

After the Glorious Revolution, England shifted to a constitutional settlement in which sovereignty rested more with Parliament and less with the king. William of Orange and his wife Mary II were invited by Parliament to take the throne, replacing James II, who had become unpopular for perceived attempts at ruling without checks on royal power. William and Mary accepted the crown and, in 1689, signed the English Bill of Rights, which placed clear limits on royal prerogatives, protected parliamentary authority, and guaranteed certain rights for subjects. This partnership and the signing of the Bill of Rights established a constitutional framework that shaped English governance for generations. Charles II and Oliver Cromwell belonged to earlier periods and different arrangements, so they don’t fit the moment of the Glorious Revolution and the associated Bill of Rights.